Meteorites and volcanic eruptions may be events that seed more resources, but you might want to consider that this comes at the potential cost of destroying existing infrastructure in the areas they impact - canceling out the benefit of whatever resources they bring with them. If not, then that should be considered a fortunate bonus only - not a consistent resupply.
Meteorites also vary widely in size and may not even contain useful resources, while digging out a volcano is also potentially dangerous, especially when a lava bath is being considered for one of the few causes that lead to permadeath outside aging. In other words I wouldn't want to put my hopes too high on these events being the salvation.
However, finite resources is not necessarily going to be the kind of problem people seem to imagine it to be. This isn't the first game to have finite resources and if done right won't result in the world running dry anytime soon. Another sandbox mmo I know that have finite resources is still a rich and bountiful world despite years of players playing it. Across its world, that take more than 10 hours to get from one side to another it is millions of mine spots, and each mine takes many months, if not years, of effort for a single individual to exploit in entirety. That game doesn't even have recycling.
CoE has a much larger world than what that game have as well, and that's just the first continent too. So no, there should be no shortages of resources across the world, the issue will be with the individual veins. A town depending on a mine in their area might die out along with that mine if they aren't able to find a new vein elsewhere in their area, or adapt by finding a new source of revenue. Some veins, particularly for rarer resources, may also be more abundant in some parts of the world than other parts, causing conflict if trade doesn't flow. That's the kind of issues you're looking at, nothing more.
Welcome to the community though, I hope you'll stick around and enjoy your stay. :3